Basic Basketball Rules
Typically in the game of basketball, there are 5 players on the court from each team. In PE, however, there will be a maximum of 4 players. Here's several rules/regulations to consider:
STARTING THE GAME
1. Game starts w/ 1 simple game of Rock, Paper, Scissors. This determines which team is awarded the ball first and which team wears the colored pinnies or sashes
2. Each team stands on one side of the white line or free throw line to match each player to the opposite team "Match up"
3. The team that starts with the ball makes sure that her team is ready and checks (bounce passes) the ball to her opponent
4. Once the opposing team has the ball in her possession, she makes sure that her team is in position and ready to play. Once she gives the ball back to the opposite team, the game may begin.
STARTING THE GAME
1. Game starts w/ 1 simple game of Rock, Paper, Scissors. This determines which team is awarded the ball first and which team wears the colored pinnies or sashes
2. Each team stands on one side of the white line or free throw line to match each player to the opposite team "Match up"
3. The team that starts with the ball makes sure that her team is ready and checks (bounce passes) the ball to her opponent
4. Once the opposing team has the ball in her possession, she makes sure that her team is in position and ready to play. Once she gives the ball back to the opposite team, the game may begin.
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DURING THE GAME
A. Violations
1. illegal dribble or "double dribble" = when a player dribbles the ball with two hands or if a player dribbles the ball with one hand, places two hands on the ball, then continues to dribble with one hand
2. travel = when a player takes more than two steps while holding on to the basketball
** All violations will result in turnover of possession of the ball. Therefore the specific offensive player (player with ball) commits a violation, the defender guarding that same player will step to the nearest area out of bounds (opposite side of the black line) to "in-bound" or pass the ball to a teammate.
3. illegal screen - when a player that creates a screen moves (they should be stationary)
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B. Fouls
1. Personal Foul = is a breach of the rules that concerns illegal personal contact with an opponent. In PE class, if a student commits 3 fouls in one class period, they must sit out for the entire class. Common fouls include:
* illegal use of hands - when defensive players attempt to steal/block the ball but hit the players' hands or arm
* holding - contact that interferes with a player's freedom of movement (example: grabbing a player's body or
clothing
* pushing - contact that displaces an opponent (example: pushing a player away from the basket with your
hands and or body)
2. Technical Foul = is any infraction of the rules penalized as a foul which does not involve any physical contact during the game. (more serious than a personal foul). This would result in two free throws AND possession of the ball Common technical fouls are:
* Unsportsmanlike Conduct = example: verbal abuse, taunting, excessive celebration
3. Flagrant Foul = personal foul that involves excessive or violent contact that could injure the fouled player. In PE class this would result in immediate dismissal from class.
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C. In-Bounding the ball or passing the ball in-bounds
- If a ball is out of bounds (lands outside of the black side line or baseline) the person that in-bounds (passes the ball towards the court) is the opposite player in which the person that had touched it last.
** Ex: Mary is defending Jane. Jane was the last one to touch the ball before it landed out of bounds. Therefore Mary steps outside of the black line and in-bounds (passes the ball) outside of the court.
- If there is no clear answer who must gain possession of the ball, the referee must have the two players or coaches play one game of rock, paper, scissors, to keep the game going. FYI there will be no "jump-balls", only rock, paper scissors.
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SCORING
- Each time the ball goes in the basket, it is worth two points. Therefore each field goal is with two points.
- There is no 3-point line on the basketball court
- After every point scored, the opposite team that scores, starts with the ball and "checks" the ball. (see #3 and #4 in STARTING THE GAME)
- Free throws only occur when a person is fouled while shooting the ball. This is the only case where each basket made is worth only one point.
Basic Vocabulary & Phrases
Cut - a sudden running movement to get open for a pass
Dribble - is the legal method of advancing the ball by oneself, as opposed to passing it to another player or shooting for the basket. It consists of bouncing the ball on the floor continuously with one hand while walking or running down the court. To be successful you must:
- use your finger pads
- keep the ball close to your body and to your side (not in front of your feet)
- legs bent
- eyes forward to see where you're going
- keep the ball at waist level to assure no one will take the ball away from you and you can remain in control of your dribble
Defense- Team that is defending their basket and may try to steal the basketball (opposite of offense)
F.O.R.E.S.T. Shooting -
Finger = Index finger of shooting hand is placed on middle of the ball
Off-hand = the hand that is not shooting supports or guides the basketball
Rhythm = using a dipping motion, the player generates power from legs and hips and is comfortable shooting
Eyes = shot should follow index finger and aim directly in to basket (not backboard or orange rim)
Sweep/Sway = players sweep feet forward to make sure the ball can reach the basket especially for long range shots and opposite shooting shoulder sways back to assure the arc of the ball
Turn = Feet are turned 10 and 11 o'clock to assure shooting finger, shoulder and hip are aligned with basket
"Inbound the ball"- Player that is standing outside of the boundaries passes the ball in the boundaries or on to the court
Layup - a two point shot attempt made by leaping from below, laying the ball up near the basket, and using one hand to bounce it off the backboard and into the basket.
Offense - Team that has possession of the ball (opposite of defense)
Pass - A pass consists of an intentional transfer of the ball from one player to another of the same team. Your hands are placed on the side of the ball most of the time so the ball can travel in a straight (faster) path to your target. The 3 most basic passes are:
1. Chest pass - To throw it, start with the ball at your chest and step toward your teammate. As you step, fling the ball to your teammate by extending your arms away from your chest and flicking your wrist so your thumbs point down and your palms face out.
2. Bounce pass - This pass consists of one player passing the ball to a teammate by bouncing the ball off the floor with great energy. Because the ball will be at ground level as it passes a defender, a successful bounce pass can easily result in a scoring assist because a bounce pass is harder for defenders to intercept.
3. Overhead pass - Start with the ball in both hands behind the head. Transfer the weight forwards onto one foot. As the weight moves forwards, being the arms forward over the head and release the ball in line with the top of the head.
Pick-and-roll - A two-person play in which on offensive player sets a screen (pick) on the ball handler's defender and cuts (rolls) to the basket after the ball handler drives by the screen. Also called a "screen and roll." A common play in college and the pros.
Pivot- The action when the player with the ball spins on one foot and steps with their other foot to protect the ball from a defender.
Rebound - is a statistic awarded to a player who catches the ball after a missed field goal or free throw. It is important because once your team has possession of the ball, this will give your team more of an opportunity to score.
Screen or Pick- A play in which an offensive player runs over and stands in a stationary position next to a teammate's defender to free up the teammate to dribble or to receive a pass.
"Take the ball back" aka clearing the ball- When the offensive player shoots the ball (hits the orange rim) and the opposite team catches the ball, the player must either:
1. Dribble the ball behind the white line OR
2. Pass the ball to a teammate that is standing behind the white line
** The reason why we "Take the ball Back" is to simulate a full court game of basketball. We do not play full court basketball in PE to avoid many turnovers and offer more students an opportunity to participate during class.**
Triple Threat Stance -
- position ready to pass, dribble or shoot the basketball
- use to pivot to create space between ball handler (to dribble or shoot) or create an open passing lane to teammate
- player will protect the ball from the defender by keeping it close to their body and away from defender
TIPS ON OFFENSE
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TIPS ON DEFENSE
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Women's Basketball game:
USA vs Latvia
(Game starts at 3:59)
Pick and roll videos
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